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COP30 in Belém: what emerged (and what did NOT) about the future of fossil fuels

The United Nations Climate Change Conference — COP30 — was held in Belém, Brazil, from 10 to 22 November 2025. In the final days of the conference, the issue of phasing out fossil fuels returned to the center of the debate, with strong mobilization from countries demanding a clear roadmap for global decarbonization. Negotiations, however,…
